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Love's Labour's Lost
·IV iii 149 ·
Verse
Berowne Now step I forth to whip hypocrisy. [Advancing] Ah, good my liege, I pray thee, pardon me! Good heart, what grace hast thou, thus to reprove These worms for loving, that art most in love? Your eyes do make no coaches; in your tears There is no certain princess that appears; You'll not be perjured, 'tis a hateful thing; Tush, none but minstrels like of sonneting! But are you not ashamed? nay, are you not, All three of you, to be thus much o'ershot? You found his mote; the king your mote did see; But I a beam do find in each of three. O, what a scene of foolery have I seen, Of sighs, of groans, of sorrow and of teen! O me, with what strict patience have I sat, To see a king transformed to a gnat! To see great Hercules whipping a gig, And profound Solomon to tune a jig, And Nestor play at push-pin with the boys, And critic Timon laugh at idle toys! Where lies thy grief, O, tell me, good Dumain? And gentle Longaville, where lies thy pain? And where my liege's? all about the breast: A caudle, ho! |
Here is the line-by-line paraphrase of this monologue from Love’s Labour’s Lost:
Original: Now step I forth to whip hypocrisy.
Modern: Now I’ll step forward to expose this fake behavior.
Original: Ah, good my liege, I pray thee, pardon me!
Modern: Oh, my good king, please forgive me!
Original: Good heart, what grace hast thou, thus to reprove
Modern: My dear friend, what right do you have to criticize
Original: These worms for loving, that art most in love?
Modern: These lowly men for being in love, when you’re the most lovesick of all?
Original: Your eyes do make no coaches; in your tears
Modern: Your eyes don’t create fancy carriages; in your tears
Original: There is no certain princess that appears;
Modern: There’s no real princess that shows up;
Original: You’ll not be perjured, ‘tis a hateful thing;
Modern: You won’t break your oath, because that would be terrible;
Original: Tush, none but minstrels like of sonneting!
Modern: Nonsense! Only wandering musicians enjoy writing love poems!
Original: But are you not ashamed? nay, are you not,
Modern: But aren’t you embarrassed? Really, aren’t you,
Original: All three of you, to be thus much o’ershot?
Modern: All three of you, to have missed the mark so badly?
Original: You found his mote; the king your mote did see;
Modern: You found his tiny flaw; the king saw your tiny flaw;
Original: But I a beam do find in each of three.
Modern: But I find a huge flaw in each of you three.
Original: O, what a scene of foolery have I seen,
Modern: Oh, what a ridiculous display I’ve witnessed,
Original: Of sighs, of groans, of sorrow and of teen!
Modern: Of sighing, groaning, sadness and grief!
Original: O me, with what strict patience have I sat,
Modern: Oh my, with what incredible self-control I’ve sat here,
Original: To see a king transformed to a gnat!
Modern: Watching a king turn into a tiny bug!
Original: To see great Hercules whipping a gig,
Modern: To see mighty Hercules playing with a child’s spinning top,
Original: And profound Solomon to tune a jig,
Modern: And wise Solomon composing a silly dance tune,
Original: And Nestor play at push-pin with the boys,
Modern: And ancient Nestor playing children’s games with boys,
Original: And critic Timon laugh at idle toys!
Modern: And harsh Timon laughing at worthless trinkets!
Original: Where lies thy grief, O, tell me, good Dumain?
Modern: Where does your heartache come from, tell me, good Dumain?
Original: And gentle Longaville, where lies thy pain?
Modern: And gentle Longaville, where does your pain come from?
Original: And where my liege’s? all about the breast:
Modern: And where is my king’s? All around the chest:
Original: A caudle, ho!
Modern: Bring some warm medicine!
In Act IV, Scene 3 of “Love’s Labour’s Lost,” the four male protagonists - the King of Navarre, Berowne, Longaville, and Dumain - each discover that they have broken their scholarly vows by falling in love. The scene unfolds as a series of eavesdropping incidents, where each man hides to listen to another confess his romantic feelings through love poetry. Dumain enters first and reads aloud a sonnet he has written to Katherine, while Longaville conceals himself and listens. Longaville then emerges to mock Dumain for breaking his oath, only to reveal his own lovesickness for Maria by reading his own verses. Berowne observes both men from his hiding place, enjoying their hypocrisy.
The King then appears and chastises both Longaville and Dumain for their weakness, before proceeding to read his own love poem dedicated to the Princess of France. At this point, Berowne steps forward to denounce all three men for their oath-breaking, positioning himself as the only faithful adherent to their original vow of study and celibacy. However, his moral superiority is short-lived when Costard the clown and Jaquenetta arrive with a misdirected letter that Berowne had written to Rosaline. Exposed as equally guilty of breaking his vow, Berowne initially attempts to deny the letter but eventually admits his own romantic entanglement. The scene concludes with all four men acknowledging their mutual oath-breaking and Berowne delivering a lengthy speech arguing that love and the pursuit of women actually serve their educational purposes better than their previous academic isolation.
“Love’s Labour’s Lost” opens with Ferdinand, the King of Navarre, and his three courtiers—Berowne, Longaville, and Dumain—taking a solemn oath to dedicate three years to scholarly pursuits while forswearing the company of women, fasting, and sleeping only three hours per night. Their noble intentions are immediately complicated by the arrival of the Princess of France and her three attending ladies—Rosaline, Maria, and Katharine—who come on a diplomatic mission regarding Aquitaine. Despite their vows, all four men quickly fall in love with the visiting ladies, though they initially attempt to hide their feelings from one another.
The romantic complications intensify when each man tries to secretly woo his chosen lady while believing himself to be the only oath-breaker. Comic relief is provided by a cast of eccentric characters including Don Armado, a bombastic Spanish knight who loves the country wench Jaquenetta; Costard, a simple clown; and the pedantic schoolmaster Holofernes. The ladies, aware of the men’s affections, decide to test their suitors’ sincerity by disguising themselves at a masque, leading to a delightful scene of mistaken identities where each man woos the wrong woman.
The play builds toward what seems like a conventional comic resolution with multiple betrothals, but Shakespeare subverts expectations in the final act. News arrives that the Princess’s father, the King of France, has died, casting a somber shadow over the festivities. The ladies impose a year-long trial on their suitors—the men must prove their love’s constancy through a period of good works and patient waiting. The play concludes unusually for a Shakespearean comedy, with promises of future union rather than immediate marriages, ending with the famous songs of Spring and Winter that celebrate the eternal cycle of seasons and human nature.